Marriage

If you and your partner are both over 18, you can get married without having to get anybody’s permission, and if you and your partner are both under 18, you cannot get married.however,if you are 16 or 17 and want to get married to someone who is over 18, you will need permission from a judge (or magistrate) and permission from your parents (or guardians). Just because you or your partner is pregnant will not mean that you automatically get permission.
If the Judge or magistrate does give you permission to marry, you must marry within three months.the permission from your parents  needs to be in writing, witnessed and dated not earlier than 3 months before your wedding day,but if you cannot get your parents’/guardians’ consent you can prepare a legal document showing the facts and circumstances which make it impossible or impractical to get their consent to show that to the judge and the judge will decide.
If your parents/guardians refuse to give you consent to get married, you can apply to a Judge or magistrate to give you permission instead.
Same sex couples cannot get married, If you are in a same sex relationship, you can have a commitment ceremony and in some states you may be able to register your relationship as a domestic partnership.
If you or your partner has been married in the past, you must obtain a divorce from the Family Court or the Federal Magistrates Court.To marry someone while you are already married is a criminal offence called bigamy and is punishable by up to five years imprisonment.

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children and the obesity

the Obesity

• What is obesity?
• Obesity is the overweight and obese in children .

•  What are the reasons for obesity in children?
• The reason for obesity in the children are unhealthy food choices, lack of physical activity and family eating habits,Spending a lot of time on sedentary pursuits,Genetics,

•   Is obesity only a national problem?
• No, it is not only a national problem because thetevels of childhood obesity are increasing at alarming rates in many countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia.

•  What do statistics show?

• The statistic shows that from 1985 to 1995 the number of overweight 7–15 year olds almost doubled. The numbers of obese children has more than tripled. At the current rate, it is predicted that 65 per cent of young Australians will be overweight or obese by 2020

•   What is making the obesity problem worse?

• The overall cost of food has gone down.
• More food is prepared away from home.
• Energy-dense foods and drinks are more readily available.
• Portion sizes have increased.
• Marketing of energy-dense foods and drinks has increased.
• The use of cars has increased.
• The number of two-income families has increased.
• The time spent in paid employment has increased.
• The role of physical education in the school curriculum has reduced.

•     Does obesity have an impact on children's health?

             If yes, explain how?        

  yes

• Type 2 diabetes – while this condition is most commonly seen in adults, it is now also being diagnosed in children
• Eating disorders such as bulimia or binge eating
• Orthopaedic disorders – problems with foot structure
• Liver problems, including fatty liver
• Respiratory disorders, such as blocked airways and restrictions in the chest wall, which cause breathlessness during exercise
• Sleep apnoea – this is a condition that causes difficulty breathing when sleeping. It also causes snoring, waking often and poor sleep. It makes people feel tired and contributes to poor concentration during the day
•         Cardiomyopathy – a problem with the heart muscle, caused when extra effort is needed   to       pump blood.

• What are the other impacts caused by obesity in children?

• Obesity can have a major impact on how children feel about themselves and how they interact with others.
•  Obese adolescents are more likely to have low self-esteem, which may impact on other aspects of their lives such as the development of friendships and competency at school.
• Being obese as a child or adolescent increases the risk of a range of diseases and disorders in adulthood,

•     What is the treatment?

• Changing lifestyle and dietary patterns have contributed to increasing obesity rates in children.
• Lifestyle and diet changes can help children to maintain a healthy weight.
• Obesity can result in serious health problems in childhood and later life.
• Children who are obese tend to become obese adults.

Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela


1918 - Born in Transkei , south Africa.
1942 - Qualified in law from Witwatersrand and fort Hare university.
1944 - Joined the African National Congress.
1948 - against the ruling Engaged in resistance National party's.
1956 - went on trail for treason.
1960 - Argued for the setting up of a military wing within the ANC.
1961 - acquitted.
1962 - Arrested and sentenced five years.
1963 - Brought to stand trail for plotting to overthrow government.
1964 - sentenced to life imprisonment .
1964-1982 - incarcerated at Robben  Island prison .
1990 - Released.
1991 - elected president of the ANC.